Kisi-Kisi Sekilas: Kuliah Pediatric Emergency

Tadi sempet kuliah SP pediatric emergency, dan membahas beberapa soal yang sepertinya akan kembali dikeluarkan di ujian hari senin nanti.
So, I'll give you what I've learn., and yang catetannya lebih lengkap., comment di lengkapin ya.. ehehehe...
Semoga bermanfaat guys!!!

• Shock is an emergency condition in pediatric. The compensation in EARLY PERIOD is: Increasing heart rate.
• In respiratory failure, the early sign of respiratory difficulty is: an increase in respiratory rate.
• Retraction (including supraclavicular retraction by sternocleidomastoideus muscle, chest retraction by intercostal muscle, and infrasternal retraction) occurs later, in more severe respiratory failure.
• In most severe respiratory failure, nasal flaring may exists.
•    A child with decompensated shock, weight 20 kg, with fever, irritability, molted skin, and cold extremity. Fluid managements is: with 20cc/kg (400cc in this patient) crystaloid or coloid as fast as possible, without dextrose
• in compensated shock, 10cc/kg crystaloid shall be used, then check for the preload whether it has been preserved
• Cardiac arrest in child is 80 % secondary. The most often secondary cause of cardiac arrest in child is: Respiratory failure, which lead to hypoxic condition.
• Tripod position is specific in a child with: asthma
• Child, tachypneu, aware, skin looks normal. Diagnosis based on PAT triangle: potential respiratory failure.
• when the respiratory is more depressed, with cyanosis and or decrease of awareness: probable respiratory failure.
• above criteria plus slow and soft heart beat: cardiorespiratory failure.
• Difference between upper airway and lower airway obstructions
• Difference between adults and child's respiratory tract.
• Child's tongue is relatively big
• Child's palatum are softer
• The child's tract is narrowing like a cone.
• Seizure reliever in kids
• diazepam, with high risk of respiratory depression, and short duration
• fluorazepam. Almost no respiratory depression side effects, long acting, but you have to dilute it before use.
• Before the administration of diazepam, you must prepare respiratory tools, such as bag valve mask ventilation.